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You can assemble a small solar panel to power small appliances with readily obtainable tools and materials with under $5 web site website. The footing with the solar panel will be a two-foot through four-foot frame made away from plywood, pegboard and plexiglass that will hold the solar cells. You can subsequently use the solar panel to change solar power to electricity.

Trouble: Tolerably Challenging

Directions

Things You'll Need

36 3-inch by way of 6-inch mono-crystalline solar cells 12-inch by 4-foot piece about plywood 2-foot via 4-foot piece of 3/8-inch plywood 2-foot through 4-foot piece of pegboard 2-foot by 4-foot piece about plexiglass 4 1-inch by means of 1-inch by means of 6-foot pressure treated/climate resistant wood for framing strips 3 bits of 1/2-inch by 2-inch pressure treated boards cut to 3-foot durations Water-proof white deck paint Good rosin-core solder Rosin flux Distinct silicon caulk Tile spacers 3/4-inch and on1-inch wood screws to treated lumber 15 feet about bus cable 6 website feet of tabbing wire 2 website gauge red and black copper wire 4 web site internet site-watt inverter 12-volt deep cycle battery 12-volt ten-amp digital solar charge controller Solar pv junction box Thin leather work gloves Power exercise power sander or guide sand report Miter saw or jig saw 6 internet site-watt soldering iron Staple gun Rosin flux pen Digital multimeter Crimping pliers L-square

Suggest Edits

1 Lower framing strips to 4 half-inch in one-inch by four-foot pieces and four half-inch via a-inch by 1-foot-1 web site-inch bits. Rest from two of the four foot also two of the one-foot-1 website-inch framing strips on top about the plywood panel in a border and attach them with 3-quarter-inch wood screws. Measure the pegboard to be just one-foot-1 web site-inches by three-feet-1 web site-inches plus cut it with the miter saw to in good shape inside the framing strips. Perform not attach. Sand down the framed plywood including the solid surface of the plywood plus the edges of the pegboard. Paint either pieces, pegboard and framed plywood, with two coats of white deck paint. When fully waterless, fit the pegboard into the frame and screw it in along the edges (the solar cell strips will go inside so the screws require to be along the edges). Paint around the screws plus every other unpainted corners or crevices. Also paint the other four pieces regarding framing wood to use over the plexiglass later. Exercise two holes in regard to half an inch apart within the base left corner of the frame, via the pegboard and through the again of the plywood. These will be for the certain plus negative current connections.

2 Make a base out of some 4-foot by twelve-inch piece of plywood to connect solar cells into 3 evenly spaced strips.

Find a solar cell onto some piece of cardboard or rigid paper and cut it out to use to tracing on the plywood. Using an L-square, concerning 1-quarter inch away from the bottom edge of the four-foot through 12-inch piece of plywood to an even margin, put the traced piece on the plywood, fitting it in the corner of the rectangular. Find it onto the plywood. With each corner of the traced pattern, place some tile spacer and trace it. Staple each spacer onto the plywood. Put the cardboard bit single-quarter inch above the first tracing, trace the cardboard piece and place four more spacers. Keep on up the base, till you have twelve spaces traced out by way of tile spacers. Make use of the L-square to produce sure the spacers are aligned.

3 Use the spaced base to place double solar cells into the spacers. Take the tabbing cable also plan a piece of it from the top to the base about unique solar cell plus three-quarters about an inch and cut that length together with pliers. Lower 32 more pieces the very same length, using the first 1 as the guide. Then cut 3 more 3-quarters of an inch longer than the rest and put them aside from a independent pile. These will be used on the final three solar cells on the top end of the strips so that the finished strips regarding 12 will have tabbing wire extending from both ends.

Using the base again, place double tabbed solar cells in the initial pair spacers with the tabbing up, aligning the tabbing from the top only on top of the tabbing on the bottom one to solder together. Make use of the flux pen to stick the tabbing also therefore softly solder together. Test the two connected solar cells with the multimeter to make sure they give some volt. Touch the red publish to the lower solar cell and the black post to the tabbing on the upper solar cell to a reading.

Continue soldering also testing the cells until you have connected 12 of them into any strip. Make 3 strips with this way, using a total of 36 cells.

4 Cautiously place two solar cell strips next to each other on the pegboard, evenly spaced. Lifting the solar cell on the base of the first strip gently, put a fraction size drop regarding silicon caulk in the center of the back of it to glue it onto the pegboard and press it down gently. Glue each of the other solar cells from the same way. It may be easier to lift every one individually with a small rubber spatula or softly lift the total strip from the tabbing wire at the top one. Either way, receive attention never to break some solar cell or the tabbing cable.

Once the cells are all glued onto the pegboard by way of caulk, connect them to create a trail with the current. Produce a negative bond by connecting the first dual solar cell strips with bus cable in the top of the frame. Cut any piece about bus wire the length regarding four tabbing wires. Place it underneath the 4 tabbing wires by the best about the pegboard from the left and middle solar cell strips. Solder the tabbing to the bus wire using solder and the hottest environment on the soldering iron. Examine to see that the soldering employment is sturdy plus cut off any excessive tabbing wire that extends past the bus cable. Reduce a bit of bus cable long enough to work under 4 tabbing wires, place it underneath the tabbing wires about the left solar cell strip with the bottom about the frame and solder the tabbing to the bus cable.

Check the voltage regarding the linked solar cells strips. Now there is a finished path for the current to run via all the solar cells within the panel.

5 Have the end of the roll of 2 website-gauge black wire and strip the black coating off close to fifty percent one inch about the end so the wires are exposed. Twist the wires together very none are loose or sticking away. Put the cable via the right hole by the bottom of the frame, from the back, and pull a length of it through. Accomplish the similar factor by means of the 2 website-gauge red wire, putting it by means of the hole next to the single the black cable remains in. Initial take the red wire plus pull it up to the top of the frame and around to the bus wire at the best about the third solar cell strip, pulling regarding fifty percent an inch longer to reach a tiny past the end about the strip. Tap staples from staple gun over the red wire a in a couple of places along the left and top sides of the frame, being careful not to tap staples to the cable. The end of the roll of red wire will be under the frame, coming out the back. Solder the wires regarding the 2 website-gauge red wire onto the bus wire near it with the top proper of the frame. Take the black wire plus pull just about a half inch duration, just sufficient to reach the bus wire near it at the base left corner of the frame by way of a little give in it, not pulled too firmly. Solder the wires regarding the 2 web site-gauge black wire onto the bus wire near it with the bottom left corner about the frame. The end of the roll of black wire will be beneath the frame, coming out the back.

Check the voltage again, preferably with the frame in the sunshine. It should be close to 18 volts and about three and a half amps, especially if the frame remains angled slightly to capture the most sunlight.

6 Location the plexiglass on best of the frame plus mark where screws will be used, then pre-exercise holes in the plexiglass carefully so it doesn't break or crack. Mark four pieces of framing wood with the same places plus pre-drill also. Then place the plexiglass on top about the frame, place the framing wood on top regarding the plexiglass all over the edges, also operate the half inch screws to protected the plexiglass and framing. Drill slowly and meticulously to avoid cracking the plexiglass. Carefully turn the panel over and attach the three-foot boards to the back of the panel, uniformly spaced, so that six inches extend on each side to roof mounting.

7 The charge controller will have red also black connectors with the solar panel and red and black connectors for the battery, the inverter will too. The charge controller remains connected to the red and black wires arriving from the solar panel and to the battery, and the inverter is linked to the battery. A small appliance like any lamp or any laptop PC may be plugged into the inverter also run from the electricity generated by the solar panel.

Suggestions & Warnings

Shop around to the best price on solar cells. Remember that red remains convincing and black is negative for electrical connections. Solar cells are fragile and can split easily. Handle them gently and for care to avoid breaking and having to replace any. Soldering can cause burns to fingers and hands, very rubber or leather gloves should be worn.

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References

About Solar Panels Solar Household

Resources

Solar Energy Blog Solar Panel DIY